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In this comparative-historical analysis of Spanish America, James Mahoney offers a new theory of colonialism and postcolonial development. The book explores why certain kinds of societies are subject to certain kinds of colonialism and why these forms of colonialism give rise to countries with differing levels of economic prosperity and social well-being. Mahoney contends that differences in the extent of colonialism are best explained by the potentially evolving fit between the institutions of the colonizing nation and those of the colonized society. Moreover, he shows how institutions forged under colonialism bring countries to relative levels of development that may prove remarkably enduring in the postcolonial period. The argument is sure to stir discussion and debate, both among experts on Spanish America who believe that development is not tightly bound by the colonial past, and among scholars of colonialism who suggest that the institutional identity of the colonizing nation is of little consequence.
- Sales Rank: #694707 in Books
- Published on: 2010-02-15
- Released on: 2010-04-22
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.21" h x .87" w x 6.14" l, 1.30 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 424 pages
Review
'Overall, Colonialism and Postcolonial Development is a major contribution to the history of Spanish America, to the study of colonialism and to the literature on institutions and development ... Furthermore, Mahoney's comparative historical methodology deftly accounts for how the particular histories of each country interacted with their colonial legacies to produce patterns of development. the discussion of how exogenous factors such as war affected development in Chile, Bolivia and Costa Rica is very well done ... this book is essential reading for students of comparative politics and Latin American history.' Alex McDougall, Political Studies Review
About the Author
James Mahoney is a Professor of Political Science and Sociology at Northwestern University. He is the author of The Legacies of Liberalism: Path Dependence and Political Regimes in Central America (2001), which received the Barrington Moore Jr. Prize of the Comparative and Historical Section of the American Sociological Association. He is also coeditor of Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences (Cambridge University Press, 2003), which received the Giovanni Sartori Book Award of the Qualitative Methods Section of the American Political Science Association and coeditor (with Kathleen Thelen) of Explaining Institutional Change: Ambiguity, Agency, and Power (Cambridge University Press, 2010).
Most helpful customer reviews
8 of 11 people found the following review helpful.
Colonialism and Postcolonial Development
By Kunle Patrick Owolabi
This is one of the best books that I've read regarding the long-term consequences of colonization. The author demonstrates masterful knowledge of the colonial history of Spanish America, and its long-term effects on the region's social and economic development. This book will be of interest not only to Latin Americanists but also to all those interested in understanding the historical origins of comparative development.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Historical Institutionalism and Effects of Colonization
By Fang
James Mahoney contributes to the protracted debate of the effects of colonialism by providing a historical-institutional view of colonialism and post-colonial develpment. Mahoney provided a more complex categorization of colonial policies and institutions, consisting of mercantilist institutions (focusing on extraction of natural resources and precious metals for metropolis’ consumption and accumulation) and liberal institutions (emphasizing free trade, common law and protection of private property for capital accumulation). Moreover, the complexity of initial political, social and economic institutions and density of population, as well as the geographically accidental presence of precious metals, would combine with particular types of colonization processes to generate different social configurations. In the case of intensive mercantilist colonization, the privileged class tended to be landed aristocratic elites, and the homogenous indigenous population would more likely be systemically suppressed as slaves or serfs. In the case of liberal colonization, the interests of local elites approximated the bourgeoisie class in the metropolis, and the indigenous population as well as ethnic hybrids formed a society with more racial diversification and market-based stratification. Finally, later liberal colonization on previous mercantilistically colonized areas would also affect the trajectory of levels of development.
With this abstract model, Mahoney theorized that higher level liberal colonization would generate higher level of economic and social development, while higher level of mercantilist colonization would have the opposite consequences, the “level” being defined as amount of settling colonizers and depth of institutional transplantation. On the other hand, for areas which were initially heavily colonized in mercantilist ways but were later subjected to liberal colonization, different positions in the colonial hierarchy---core, semi-periphery and periphery---could significantly affect the fate of colonies in the years to come. Mahoney argued, and strived to prove with second-hand literatures, that mercantilist colonial periphery which became liberal colonial core, and purely liberal colonies, such as Argentina, Uruguay and Venezuela, and British settler colonies, would have higher post-colonial level of economic and social development. Meanwhile, mercantilist colonial core which became liberal colonial periphery, such as Bolivia, Ecuador and parts of early-developing Portuguese Brazil, would stuck in lower level of development. Situations for all other cases would depend on other contingent factors.
Mahoney’s book should be heavily credited for its clear categories, intensity of empirical survey, and incorporation of previously scattered variables into a single, logically self-sustaining framework. In particular, His efforts in taking into account both initial conditions and historical perspectives had produced a model combining high spatial sensitivity with chronological dynamics. Moreover, Mahoney started with relatively simple variables but did not stop there; in later chapters he began to expand his arguments and incorporate more and more contingent factors such as social revolutions and inter-colonial wars before coming back to the initial model. The model developed, while still incomplete, could account for an increasing number of cases while still possessing expansive potentials.
Nevertheless, two problems might have undermined Mahoney’s coherence. The first problem concerns the agency of colonial powers versus colonized areas. Not only was agency almost unitarily assigned only the agency and autonomy assigned to colonized states also appeared to be uneven across time. According to the initial model on Figure 1.1, the more sophisticated and more densely populated areas could be appropriated easily by mercantilist colonial powers, but they were less easily mobilized by liberal colonization. On the other hand, the less sophisticated and scarcely populated areas were usually resistant to mercantilist exploitation, but they could be easily conquered and reshaped by liberal colonial powers. Given that there had been a time lag between the two types of colonization----liberal colonization always came after mercantilist colonization, be it in Spanish America, in Portuguese Brazil or in British colonization in general compared with Spanish and Portuguese colonization---the level of susceptibility of to colonization of particular areas, especially in the Spanish American case, should be more comprehensively accounted for, taking into consideration social changes after initial colonization as well as perceptions of colonization.
The second problem lies in the endogeneity of variables. Mahoney appeared to be take his category of colonization as exogenous, independent variable in his mode. However, significant researches had been done on how metamorphosis of colonialism was related to both importation of resources from existing colonies and inter-state competition in Europe. For example, in the case of Spanish America, Mahoney simply provided dynastic transition as the reason why Spain switched from mercantilist to liberal colonization, without considering how previous colonization in America and inflow of resource to Spain had influenced such changes. British liberal colonization also appeared to be taken for granted without surveying its genesis from previous mercantilist colonization and Britain’s competition against Spanish Empire.
Still, Mahoney’s work remains impressive enough that it should stir a whole new trend of debate on colonialism and post-colonial development.
Reviewed Work
Mahoney, James. 2010. Colonialism and Post Colonial Development: Spanish America in Comparative Perspective. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
1 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Great historical overview
By oiythealien
This presented a very interesting overview of the colonial period in Latin America. Mahoney's argument was very clear and well presented and the material is written in an engaging manner. Extensive endnotes and bibliography at the end.
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