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The Quest for Artificial Intelligence, by Nils J. Nilsson
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field within computer science that is attempting to build enhanced intelligence into computer systems. This book traces the history of the subject, from the early dreams of eighteenth-century (and earlier) pioneers to the more successful work of today's AI engineers. AI is becoming more and more a part of everyone's life. The technology is already embedded in face-recognizing cameras, speech-recognition software, Internet search engines, and health-care robots, among other applications. The book's many diagrams and easy-to-understand descriptions of AI programs will help the casual reader gain an understanding of how these and other AI systems actually work. Its thorough (but unobtrusive) end-of-chapter notes containing citations to important source materials will be of great use to AI scholars and researchers. This book promises to be the definitive history of a field that has captivated the imaginations of scientists, philosophers, and writers for centuries.
- Sales Rank: #607520 in Books
- Published on: 2009-10-30
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.21" h x 1.18" w x 6.14" l, 1.75 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 580 pages
Review
"With the investigatory skill of a historian for the earliest work, personal recollections and reflections of early work, and unprecedented access to current researchers; and with the wit of a skilled author and teacher and the insight of a founding father, Nils Nilsson is uniquely qualified to present this lucid, comprehensive, entertaining and balanced history of AI."
Peter Norvig, Director of Research, Google Inc.
"Nils reminds us of the grand scope of the AI enterprise and provides an excellent vantage point from which to assess the remarkable progress that has occurred. At the same time, the book provides unique and detailed historical insight into how things really happened. My only complaint is that Nils has, as always, understated his own important role in the story."
Stuart Russell, University of California, Berkeley
"Nilsson is one of the world's earliest AI researchers and practitioners, and here he presents a vivid history of Artificial Intelligence - its early breakthroughs, intermediate setbacks, current successes, and forthcoming triumphs."
Takeo Kanade, U.A. and Helen Whitaker University Professor, Carnegie Mellon University
"Nils Nilsson has written the definitive intellectual history of Artificial Intelligence research; something that he himself has been a key player in for over forty of its 53 years. In this book he not only explains all of the major ideas and fashions in AI, but he traces how the ideas arose, where they arose and why. This well mannered book explains AI. All of it."
Rodney Brooks, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
"A wonderfully comprehensive and entertaining look at how artificial intelligence was invented and developed."
Alan Kay, President of Viewpoints Research Institute
"Nils's book is a tour de force that serves as a valuable hiker's guide through the twists and turns of the historical trails of the first several decades of the quest for artificial intelligence."
Eric Horvitz, Microsoft Research and President of the AAAI
"Nilsson's new book is a fascinating chronology of artificial intelligence, written by one of the doyens of the field. It should appeal to a broad audience with its sweeping coverage of topics ranging from game playing to computer vision and natural language processing."
Prabhakar Raghavan, Head of Yahoo! Labs
"A balanced look at what AI has been able to do during its first 50 years of existence. His personal recollections and the rationale behind many decisions, as retold by an insider, make this book a unique contribution, interesting both for the informed and for the general reader. Both kinds of readers can learn a lot from Nilsson's book about the evolution of this now-mature research field. The book is written in a friendly conversational style, without any unnecessary mathematical formalisms, and is richly illustrated with many diagrams that depict representative AI systems and photographs of the many innovators that led to their development."
Fernando Berzal, reviews.com
"Nilsson crafts a highly readable and personal account of the theory and practitioners that brought the world to present-day AI... the text [is] accessible and the descriptions personal."
T. Armstrong, Wheaton College for Choice Magazine
About the Author
Nils J. Nilsson, Kumagai Professor of Engineering (Emeritus) in the Department of Computer Science at Stanford University, California, received his PhD degree in Electrical Engineering from Stanford in 1958. He spent twenty-three years at the Artificial Intelligence Center of SRI International working on statistical and neural-network approaches to pattern recognition, co-inventing the A* heuristic search algorithm and the STRIPS automatic planning system, directing work on the integrated mobile robot, SHAKEY, and collaborating in the development of the PROSPECTOR expert system. He has published five textbooks on artificial intelligence. Professor Nilsson returned to Stanford in 1985 as the Chairman of the Department of Computer Science, a position he held until August 1990. Besides teaching courses on artificial intelligence and on machine learning, he has conducted research on flexible robots that are able to react to dynamic worlds, plan courses of action, and learn from experience. Professor Nilsson served on the editorial boards of the journal Artificial Intelligence and of the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research. He was an Area Editor for the Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery. He is a past-president and Fellow of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence and is also a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was a co-founder of Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc. Professor Nilsson is a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. He is a recipient of the IEEE Neural-Network Pioneer award, the IJCAI Research Excellence award, and the AAAI Distinguished Service award.
Most helpful customer reviews
14 of 14 people found the following review helpful.
An engaging, accessible and definitive history of artificial intelligence
By Peter E. Hart
Nils J. Nilsson's book begins with the story of how artificial intelligence originated in 1956 at a Dartmouth summer project that had the goal of "making a machine behave in ways that would be called intelligent if a human were so behaving." It relates how in the fifty-plus years that followed, AI has been the subject of overly-optimistic predictions, academic arguments that its goals are unachievable, funding excesses, and funding droughts. But the underlying reality is that AI has contributed key components to the technology foundations that shaped the modern world, and indeed has transformed our view of machines and of our relation to them.
The algorithms that compute your driving directions, and also compute the paths of characters in video games? They rely on results from AI research on mobile, intelligent robots. Those surprisingly high-quality voice response systems we encounter when we phone a customer-service number? They use results from AI research in speech recognition. The recommender systems ("You might also like") used by many web vendors? They use machine learning methods whose history is described by Nilsson. And AI technology is embedded in a host of less-apparent applications ranging from medical devices to automated securities trading systems.
Nils J. Nilsson's comprehensive account of the evolution of AI covers the field from its inception to recent times. All the major sub-fields of AI receive attention--from game playing to automatic problem solving, from computer vision to speech and language understanding, from expert systems to machine learning and probabilistic reasoning--all these and more are covered.
Nilsson enriches his account by viewing major developments through a multi-faceted prism. He describes AI's challenges, the approaches adopted and the landmark systems in just enough detail to give the reader real insight into the technical substance of the field. He also describes the funding issues and controversies that have swirled around AI since that very first Dartmouth meeting. And he introduces the reader to scores of brilliant, frequently colorful, characters whose contributions and opinions have influenced the course of developments.
For the AI practitioner, this book is a rare example of that often proclaimed, but seldom sighted species, the "essential volume" for your library. Your perspective on AI cannot help but be enhanced; you'll gain an increased appreciation for the time it takes for a good idea to mature and find a place in the world; and you may even be encouraged to revisit nearly-forgotten ideas that have relevance to current research issues.
But the book has appeal for the general reader as well. Nilsson is a masterful teacher and storyteller, and his description of timeless philosophical issues and intellectual challenges are as clear as you will find in as confined a space. Technical approaches are profusely illustrated and diagrammed, but remain accessible to any reader with an active curiosity. The tone of the book is straightforward and conversational, with neither the stuffiness of a self-important academic nor the breeziness of a science popularizer.
Predictions about AI have proven hazardous for 50 years, but I'll make one here: It will be a long time before any writer attempts a sequel to this unique and valuable volume.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
History of a Remarkable Technology
By Linda Liebes
This is an extremely literate, well written history of the first fifty years of AI by someone who fortuitously came in on the ground floor of this field. Nilsson's perspective is unique and invaluable for anyone interested in broadening their horizons, and in appreciating how many talented and driven individuals have contributed to AI's successes.
As a lay reader, I skipped the notes and many of the technical details and diagrams. I enjoyed the many interesting references scattered through the text. Just to give a flavor of these, in the first chapter alone there are references to Homer's "Iliad", Ovid's "Metamorphosis", The Talmud, opera (Offenbach's "Tales of Hoffman"), and theater, Capek's "R.U.R." I won't mention more of them here but leave them for you to discover, choice morsels all. Although this is a scholarly work, it's accessible to anyone who is interested in what AI is all about.
AI has already become an integral part of our lives. It's used for computing driving directions, interactive computer games, aircraft control, credit card fraud detection, vending machine currency recognition, robot control, speech recognition, and face identification, to name just some of the more prominent examples.
I came away marveling at how far this field has come in 50 years and convinced of the need for more basic research. Most of the important inventions were due to basic research. At the time, the results, to an untrained eye, looked stunningly simple. People thought, "What good is that?" We're now reaping the harvest of those years of early work, and one hopes that, along with applications, basic research in the field will continue.
This book is a significant contribution to the history of science.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
A timely history of artificial intelligence
By David W. Nicholas
It is wise for practitioners in a field to know its history. Nils Nilsson wrote the first textbook on AI (artificial intelligence) I ever read, more than 40 years ago. "The Quest for Artificial Intelligence" is as comprehensive and readable a history of AI as I have encountered, covering the fields it developed out of through the collection of fields it has become today.
Nilsson is a part of that history, having made contributions to heuristic search, planning, and other areas of AI. He gives his own work fair coverage in the panorama of issues, problems, and large scale questions that have shaped AI since its inception.
"The Quest for Artificial Intelligence" compares favorably with Margaret Boden's massive, two volume history of cognitive science (AI being one of the cognitive sciences) "Mind As Machine." Nilsson's book is the one to read if you want a detailed understanding of what artificial intelligence is and has been, with enough technical detail to satisfy a student of AI while remaining readable and interesting to the educated layman.
If you have an AI library of six or more books, this should be one of them.
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