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Pilgrimage and Household in the Ancient Near East, by Joy McCorriston
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In this book, Joy McCorriston examines the continuity of traditions over millennia in the Near East. Tracing the phenomenon of pilgrimage in pre-Islamic Arabia up through the development of the Hajj, she defines its essential characteristics and emphasizes the critical role that pilgrimage plays in enabling and developing socioeconomic transactions. Indeed, the social identities constructed through pilgrimage are key to understanding the long-term endurance of the phenomenon. In the second part of the book, McCorriston turns to the household, using cases of ancient households in Mesopotamian societies, both in the private and public spheres. Her conclusions tie together broader theoretical implications generated by the study of the two phenomena and offer a new paradigm for archaeological study, which has traditionally focused on transitions to the exclusion of continuity of traditions.
- Sales Rank: #2923216 in Books
- Published on: 2011-03-28
- Released on: 2011-06-16
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.98" h x .55" w x 5.98" l, 1.10 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 306 pages
Review
"Highly recommended." -Choice
"...this is a very significant book for understanding the longterm history of the Middle East, and it does an important job in forcing prehistorians to look at their work within the context of written history while reminding historians of the deeper roots of Middle Eastern culture." --Current Anthropology
About the Author
Joy McCorriston is Associate Professor of Anthropology at The Ohio State University. She has published forty academic articles and book chapters on the origins of food production, the development of agricultural economies through the Bronze Age and Southern Arabian prehistory. She currently leads the Ancient Human Social Dynamics in Arabia Project in Oman.
Most helpful customer reviews
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent review of Middle Eastern patterns of pilgrimage/household stability
By Jeff144
This book is a comprehensive and insightful analysis of an important but often neglected topic in studies of Middle-Eastern cultures: specifically, the persistence over many millennia of traditions of household organization and functions ("habitus") and pilgrimages in the Arabian Peninsula and adjacent areas.
The author analyzes pilgrimage as it has been practiced during the Muslim era, but also in much earlier times and forms. She defines pilgrimage as "...a journey to a sacred place to participate in a system of sacred beliefs" (p. 19). Prof. McCorriston argues that archaeology and the social sciences have been so narrowly focused on cultural change, that they have not given sufficient attention to stability and continuity in ancient cultures. In considering this issue she addresses fundamental questions about the explanation and understanding of the past in general.
Prof. McCorriston's prose is clear and a pleasure to read, and the book is a model of organization. Her analytical approach is primarily based on post-structuralist concepts and postmodernism in general. This approach, which was derived mainly from contemporary European philosophers, is beginning to have increasing impact on American archaeology. She considers, for example, forms of household activities and pilgrimages to be "Ethnoepochal Meta-Structures." She compares the meta-structures of Arabia and Mesopotamian. The origins and developmen of this epistemological perspective derives from such post-structuralists as Braudel, Bourdieu, Hodder, Giddens, Tilly, et al. Some archaeologists reject this form of interpretation of the archaeological record. Nonetheless, they too will find much of value in this work. The author has carefully researched the physical evidence of thousands of years of pilgrimage in the Middle East and illustrated these data with informative graphs, photographs, drawings and tables. This book should also attract non-academic readers interested in Middle Eastern cultures in general. She enlivens her complex theoretical discussions with anecdotes from her fieldwork and personal interactions with the contemporary Arabians she encountered.
Prof. McCorriston reviews and rejects most previous attempts (e.g., Turner) to explain pilgrimage practices in terms of the functions pilgrimages play in various societies. She discusses in detail, however, the economic activities that are often associated with pilgrimages. Some scholars have argued that interactions between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturalists played an important role in initiating the evolution of ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia (Robert McC. Adams), China (Owen Lattimore), and elsewhere. Other functional arguments have related pilgrimage to the benefits of reinforcing the bonds between the individual and his or her larger social and political culture. Evolutionary biologists (e.g., Lewontin) have described the many pitfalls of trying to identify the focus of selection in explaining the physical features and behaviours of our distant ancestors in terms of what "need" was met by the selection for this or that trait. Explaining pilgrimage practices in functional terms involves the same problem. Pilgrimage practices appear to have originated early in human history, long before agriculture and cities appeared, and they continue in most of today's world. To explain and understand this phenomenon's origins (prehistoric gatherings for mate and materials exchange?), however, we have only meager archaeological evidence and arguments based on analogies. We do not know with any precision, for example, if ancient Middle Eastern pilgrimage patterns varied over time in concert with changes in the larger polities in Mesopotamia. But the author has made good use of what little evidence we do have,to try to explain these cultural continuities and traditions.
The author's conception of "Explaining Continuity" (p. 8-10) is an elegant essay. Like most post-structuralists, the author ascribes an independent causal role to ideological elements (cf. Marx) in cultural adaptation and change, while accepting the loose limitations that ecology and historical context places on cultural change. She argues that "...orientation toward meta-structure and long-term continuities supplies a new focus on periods and cultural histories ill-served by the social sciences" (p.234). The "Conclusions" chapter of this book neatly summarizes the problem of connecting meta-structures to the archaeological record. Although Prof. McCorriston's theoretical orientation differs from the positivism and empiricism associated with traditional American archaeology, she provides a lot of "hard" data relevant to her analysis.
This book is far more readable and informative than any book I've read that takes a similar theoretical position. Prof. McCorriston has written a book that should be read by every archaeologists, even those whose geographical focus is different from hers. It is an important contribution to current discussions of archaeological epistemologies.
1 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent reading
By Gloria London
I could not put this book down from the moment I started reading.
New ideas and thinking are breathtakingly refreshing. Fascinating.
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